Canine Distemper Virus

Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease affecting dogs, very similar to measles (which it is related to) and with no known cure as of yet. It targets the gastrointestinal system, nervous system, respiratory system and urogenital system.

The virus is transmissible via direct or indirect contact with an already infected dog, as well as through the air. In extremely rare cases, improperly attenuated vaccines may transmit the virus.

Symptoms:

• Nasal discharge and crusting
  

• Ocular discharge
  

• Ocular redness
  

• High fever
  

• Lethargy
  

• Appetite loss
  

• Vomiting
  

• Diarrhoea
  

• Coughing
  

• In untreated and advanced cases, seizures and paralysis may occur
  

• Depending on the strain of virus, the paw pads may thicken
  

Young, immunocompromised and unvaccinated dogs are at a higher risk of developing contracting distemper.

Diagnosis of distemper may involve analysis of urine samples and/or biochemical tests. Mucous, pad cells and haired skin may also be tested for antibodies.

As there is no cure for distemper, treatment usually involves treating the symptoms until the immune system is able to fight off the virus. If the dog has suffered a loss of appetite or dehydration, fluids may be administered intravenously. Antibiotics may also be administered to control secondary infections. Anti-seizure medicines may be required in the disease attacks the nervous system.

Preventative treatment involves regular vaccinations against distemper, as well as isolating any infected dogs immediately to avoid cross-contamination.

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